1. Yintoni ivalve yebhabhathane ye-EN593?
Ivalve yebhabhathane ye-EN593 ibhekisa kwivalve yebhabhathane yentsimbi eyilwe yaza yenziwa ngokuhambelana nomgangatho we-BS EN 593:2017, enesihloko esithi “IiValufa zeMveliso-Ivaluvu zeMetal Butterfly.” Lo mgangatho upapashwa yiBritish Standards Institution (BSI) kwaye ihambelana nemigangatho yaseYurophu (EN), ibonelela ngesakhelo esibanzi soyilo, izixhobo, imilinganiselo, uvavanyo kunye nokusebenza kweevalve zebhabhathane.
I-EN 593 iivalvu zebhabhathane ziphawulwa ngemizimba yazo yentsimbi yevalvu kunye neendlela ezahlukeneyo zokunxibelelana, ezinje nge-wafer-type, lug-type, okanye i-double-flanged. Ezi zivalo zebhabhathane zinokusebenza phantsi koxinzelelo olwahlukileyo kunye neemeko zobushushu. Lo mgangatho uqinisekisa ukuba iivalvu zihlangabezana neemfuno ezingqongqo zokhuseleko, ukuqina, ukuhambelana, kunye nokuthembeka.
2. Iimpawu eziphambili ze-EN593 Butterfly Valves
* Ukusebenza kwekota: Iivalvu zebhabhathane zisebenza ngokujikelezisa idiskhi yevalve ngama-90 degrees, ivumela ulawulo olukhawulezayo nolusebenzayo.
* Uyilo olubambeneyo: Xa kuthelekiswa neevalvu zesango, iivalvu zebhola, okanye iivalve zeglowubhu, iivalve zebhabhathane zikhaphukhaphu kwaye ziyonga isithuba, nto leyo ezenza zibe zezilungele ukufakela indawo enesithuba esilinganiselweyo.
* Uqhagamshelo lwesiphelo olwahlukeneyo: Iyafumaneka kwi-wafer, ilug, i-flange ephindwe kabini, iflange enye, okanye uyilo lohlobo lwe-U, oluhambelana neenkqubo ezahlukeneyo zemibhobho.
* Ukumelana nokutyiwa: Yakhiwe ngezinto ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezimelana nomhlwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ubukho bendawo enomhlwa.
* Itorque ephantsi: Yenzelwe ukunciphisa iimfuno zetorque, ivumela i-automation ene-actuator ezincinci kunye nokwehliswa kweendleko.
* Ukutywinwa kokuvuza okungavuziyo: Iivalvu ezininzi ze-EN593 zinezihlalo ezithambileyo ezithambileyo okanye izihlalo zentsimbi, zibonelela ngokutywinwa okuqinileyo kweqamza ukuze kusebenze okuthembekileyo.
3. BS EN 593: 2017 Iinkcukacha ezisemgangathweni
Ukususela ngo-2025, umgangatho we-BS EN 593 wamkela inguqulo ye-2017. I-EN593 sisikhokelo esibanzi seevalvu zebhabhathane zentsimbi, sichaza ubuncinci beemfuno zoyilo, imathiriyeli, imilinganiselo kunye novavanyo. Oku kulandelayo kukwaziswa okucacileyo kumxholo oyintloko womgangatho, oxhaswa yidatha yoshishino.
3.1. Umda womgangatho
I-TS EN 593: 2017 isebenza kwiivalvu zebhabhathane zesinyithi ngeenjongo eziqhelekileyo, kubandakanya ukubekwa zodwa, ukulawulwa, okanye ukulawula ukuhamba kolwelo. Igubungela iindidi ngeendidi zeevalvu ezinoqhagamshelo lwesiphelo semibhobho, njengale:
* Uhlobo lwe-Wafer: Ibambeke phakathi kweeflange ezimbini, ezinokwakheka okuhlangeneyo kunye noyilo olukhaphukhaphu.
* Uhlobo lwe-Lug: Ifaka imingxuma yokufaka imisonto, ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiziphelo zemibhobho.
* I-Flanges ephindwe kabini: Ifaka iiflange ezidityanisiweyo, ezibotshwe ngokuthe ngqo kwiiflange zemibhobho.
* I-single-flange: Ifaka iiflange ezidityanisiweyo ecaleni kwe-axis esembindini yevalvu.
* Uhlobo lwe-U: Uhlobo olukhethekileyo lwevalve yohlobo lwe-wafer eneziphelo ezimbini ze-flange kunye nemilinganiselo ehlangeneyo yobuso ngobuso.
3.2. Uxinzelelo kunye neSize Range
I-TS EN 593: 2017 ichaza uxinzelelo kunye nobungakanani boluhlu lweevalvu zebhabhathane:
* Amanqaku oxinzelelo:
- PN 2.5, PN 6, PN 10, PN 16, PN 25, PN 40, PN 63, PN 100, PN 160 (amanqanaba oxinzelelo lwaseYurophu).
- Iklasi ye-150, iKlasi ye-300, i-Class 600, i-Class 900 (imilinganiselo yoxinzelelo lwe-ASME).
* Uluhlu lobungakanani:
- I-DN 20 ukuya kwi-DN 4000 (i-diameter yegama, malunga ne-3/4 intshi ukuya kwi-intshi ye-160).
3.3. IiMfuno zoYilo kunye nokuVeliswa
Lo mgangatho uchaza iindlela zoyilo ezithile zokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kunye nokusebenza kwevalve:
* Isixhobo somzimba weValve: Iivalvu kufuneka zenziwe ngezinto zetsimbi ezifana nentsimbi yentsimbi, intsimbi yekhabhoni (ASTM A216 WCB), intsimbi engenasici (ASTM A351 CF8/CF8M), okanye ubhedu lwe-aluminiyam (C95800).
* Uyilo lwediskhi yevalve: Idiski yevalve inokuba sembindini okanye i-eccentric (i-offset yokunciphisa ukuguga kwesihlalo kunye ne-torque).
* Imathiriyeli yesihlalo sevalvu: Izihlalo zevalvu zisenokwenziwa ngezinto ezilastiki (ezifana nerabha okanye i-PTFE) okanye imathiriyeli yesinyithi, ngokuxhomekeke kwisicelo. Izihlalo ezithambileyo zibonelela ngokutywinwa kwe-zero-leakage, ngelixa izihlalo zentsimbi kufuneka zimelane namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye nokuhlwa ukongeza ekuphumezeni ukuvuza kwe-zero.
* Imilinganiselo yobuso ngobuso: Kufuneka ihambelane ne-EN 558-1 okanye imigangatho ye-ISO 5752 ukuqinisekisa ukuhambelana neenkqubo zombhobho.
* Imilinganiselo ye-Flange: Iyahambelana nemigangatho efana ne-EN 1092-2 (PN10/PN16), i-ANSI B16.1, i-ASME B16.5, okanye i-BS 10 Itheyibhile ye-D / E, kuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwevalve.
* I-Actuator: Iivalvu zisenokusetyenziswa ngesandla (isibambo okanye ibhokisi yegiya) okanye zisebenze ngokuzenzekelayo (i-pneumatic, i-electric, okanye i-hydraulic actuator). I-flange ephezulu kufuneka ihambelane nemigangatho ye-ISO 5211 ukwenzela ukuba ufakelo olusemgangathweni lwe-actuator.
3.4. Uvavanyo kunye noHlolo
Ukuqinisekisa umgangatho kunye nokusebenza, i-BS EN 593:2017 ifuna uvavanyo olungqongqo:
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lweHydraulic: Luqinisekisa ukuba ivalve ayivuzi kuxinzelelo oluchaziweyo.
* Uvavanyo lokusebenza: Iqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye ne-torque efanelekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezifanayo.
* Uvavanyo lokuvuza: Qinisekisa ukutywinwa kwe-bubble-tight yesihlalo sevalve ngokwe-EN 12266-1 okanye imigangatho ye-API 598.
* Isiqinisekiso Sokuhlolwa: Umenzi kufuneka anike ingxelo yovavanyo kunye nokuhlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemigangatho.
3.5. Usetyenziso lwe-EN593 Butterfly Valves
* Ukucoca Amanzi: Lungiselela kwaye ukwahlukanise ukuhamba kwamanzi ahlukeneyo, amanzi olwandle, okanye amanzi amdaka. Izinto ezikwaziyo ukumelana nokubola kunye neengubo zokwaleka zibenza bafanelekele iindawo ezinzima.
* Amashishini eMichiza kunye nePetrochemical: Ukuphatha ulwelo olonakalisayo olufana ne-acids, alkalis, kunye ne-solvents, ukuzuza kwizinto ezifana nezihlalo ze-PTFE kunye ne-PFA-lined valve discs.
* I-oyile neGesi: Ukulawula uxinzelelo oluphezulu, ulwelo olunobushushu obuphezulu kwimibhobho, iindawo zokucokisa, kunye namaqonga angaphesheya konxweme. Uyilo oluphindwe kabini luthandwa ngenxa yokuqina kwayo phantsi kwezi meko.
* Iinkqubo zeHVAC: Ukulawula ukuhamba komoya, amanzi, okanye isikhenkcisi kwiinkqubo zokufudumeza nezokupholisa.
* Ukuveliswa kombane: Ukulawula umphunga, amanzi okupholisa, okanye olunye ulwelo kumaziko ombane.
* Ukutya kunye namashishini amayeza: Ukusebenzisa izinto ezihambelana ne-FDA (ezifana ne-PTFE kunye ne-WRA-certified EPDM) ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza okungenasifo kunye nokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yococeko.
3.6. ULondolozo kunye noHlolo
Ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kwexesha elide, iivalve zebhabhathane ze-EN593 zifuna ukugcinwa rhoqo:
* Ukuhlolwa rhoqo: Jonga rhoqo kwiinyanga ezintandathu ukuya kunyaka omnye ukunxiba, ukubola, okanye imiba yokusebenza.
* Ukuthambisa: Nciphisa ukukhuhlana kwaye wandise ubomi bevalvu.
* Isitulo seValve kunye noHlolo lweSitywina: Qinisekisa ukuthembeka kwelastiki okanye izihlalo zevalvu yentsimbi ukuthintela ukuvuza.
* ULondolozo lweActuator: Qinisekisa ukuba ii-activators zomoya okanye zombane azinankunkuma kwaye zisebenza ngokwesiqhelo.
4. Uthelekiso kunye neminye iMigangatho ye-API 609
Ngelixa i-BS EN 593 isebenza kusetyenziso oluqhelekileyo kwimizi-mveliso, iyahluka kumgangatho we-API 609, eyilelwe ngokukodwa usetyenziso lweoyile negesi. Umahluko ophambili uquka:
* Ugxininiso lwesicelo: I-API 609 igxile kwiindawo zeoli kunye negesi, ngelixa i-BS EN 593 ihlanganisa uluhlu olubanzi lwamashishini, kubandakanywa unyango lwamanzi kunye nokuveliswa ngokubanzi.
* Amanqanaba oxinzelelo: I-API 609 ibandakanya iKlasi ye-150 ukuya kwiKlasi ye-2500, ngelixa i-BS EN 593 ibandakanya i-PN 2.5 ukuya kwi-PN 160 kunye neKlasi ye-150 ukuya kwiKlasi ye-900.
* Uyilo: I-API 609 igxininisa izinto ezinganyangekiyo kwi-corrosion ukuze zimelane neemeko ezinzima, ngelixa i-BS EN 593 ivumela ukukhetha izinto eziguquguqukayo ngakumbi.
* Uvavanyo: Yomibini imigangatho ifuna uvavanyo olungqongqo, kodwa i-API 609 ibandakanya iimfuno ezongezelelweyo zoyilo lokumelana nomlilo, okubaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo zeoyile kunye negesi.
5. Isiphelo
| Uphawu | Imiba ePhambili echazwe yi-EN 593 |
| Uhlobo lweValve | Iivalvu zebhabhathane zesinyithi |
| Ukusebenza | Incwadana, igiya, ipneumatic, umbane |
| Imilinganiselo yobuso ngobuso | Ngokwe-EN 558 Series 20 (wafer/lug) okanye Series 13/14 (flanged) |
| Ixabiso loxinzelelo | Ngokwesiqhelo iPN 6, PN 10, PN 16 (inokwahluka) |
| Ubushushu boyilo | Kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezisetyenzisiweyo |
| Ukuhambelana kweFlange | EN 1092-1 (PN flanges), ISO 7005 |
| Imigangatho yoVavanyo | I-EN 12266-1 yoxinzelelo kunye novavanyo lokuvuza |
Umgangatho we-BS EN 593: 2017 ubonelela ngesakhelo esomeleleyo soyilo, ukwenziwa, kunye novavanyo lweevalvu zebhabhathane zentsimbi, ziqinisekisa ukuthembeka kwazo, ukhuseleko kunye nokusebenza kwazo kuluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo. Ngokubambelela kwiimfuno zomgangatho woxinzelelo, ubungakanani besayizi, izixhobo kunye novavanyo, abavelisi banokuvelisa iivalvu ezihlangabezana nemigangatho yehlabathi.
Nokuba ufuna i-wafer-type, i-lug-type, okanye i-valve yebhabhathane enamacala amabini, ukuthotyelwa komgangatho we-EN 593 kuqinisekisa ukudityaniswa komthungo, ukuqina, kunye nolawulo olusebenzayo lolwelo.