1. Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo (PN)
Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lweivalvu yebhabhathanelixabiso lesalathiso elinxulumene nomthamo wokuxhathisa uxinzelelo lwezixhobo zenkqubo yemibhobho. Libhekisa kuyilo olunikiweyo loxinzelelo olunxulumene namandla oomatshini bezixhobo zemibhobho.
Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lwevalvu yebhabhathane ngamandla okumelana noxinzelelo lwemveliso (ezi zilandelayo ziivalvu) kubushushu obusisiseko. Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zinobushushu obusisiseko obuhlukeneyo namandla oxinzelelo.
Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo, olumelwa luphawu lwe-PN (MPa). I-PN luphawu lokudibanisa oonobumba kunye namanani asetyenziselwa ukubhekisa anxulumene neempawu zoomatshini kunye neempawu zobukhulu bezinto zenkqubo yepayipi.
Ukuba uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo yi-1.0MPa, yibhale phantsi njenge-PN10. Kwisinyithi esityhidiweyo kunye nobhedu, ubushushu obuqhelekileyo yi-120°C: kwisinyithi yi-200°C kwaye kwisinyithi se-alloy yi-250°C.
2. Uxinzelelo lomsebenzi (Pt)
Uxinzelelo lokusebenzaivalvu yebhabhathaneibhekisa kuxinzelelo oluphezulu oluchaziweyo ngokusekelwe kubushushu bokusebenza obuphezulu kwinqanaba ngalinye lendlela yokuthutha imibhobho ukuze kusebenze ngokukhuselekileyo inkqubo yemibhobho. Ngokufutshane, uxinzelelo olusebenzayo luxinzelelo oluphezulu olunokuthi lunyamezeleke kwinkqubo ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo.
3. Uxinzelelo loyilo (Pe)
Uxinzelelo loyilo lwevalvu yebhabhathane lubhekisa kuxinzelelo olukhawulezileyo oluphezulu olukhutshwa yinkqubo yepayipi yoxinzelelo eludongeni lwangaphakathi lwevalvu. Uxinzelelo loyilo kunye nobushushu boyilo obuhambelanayo busetyenziswa njengemeko yomthwalo woyilo, kwaye ixabiso lalo aliyi kuba ngaphantsi koxinzelelo lokusebenza. Ngokubanzi, uxinzelelo oluphezulu olunokuthwalwa yinkqubo lukhethwa ngexesha lokubala uyilo njengoxinzelelo loyilo.
4. Uxinzelelo lovavanyo (PS)
Kwiivalvu ezifakiweyo, uxinzelelo lovavanyo lwevalvu yebhabhathane lubhekisa kuxinzelelo ekufuneka ivalvu ilufikelele xa isenza uvavanyo lwamandla oxinzelelo kunye nokuqina komoya.
5. Ulwalamano phakathi kwezi nkcazelo zine
Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo lubhekisa kumandla oxinzelelo kubushushu obusisiseko, kodwa kwiimeko ezininzi, alusebenzi kubushushu obusisiseko. Njengoko ubushushu butshintsha, amandla oxinzelelo lwevalvu nawo ayatshintsha.
Kwimveliso enoxinzelelo oluthile oluqhelekileyo, uxinzelelo olusebenzayo olunokumelana nalo lumiselwa bubushushu bokusebenza besixhobo esiphakathi.
Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo kunye noxinzelelo olusebenzayo oluvumelekileyo lwemveliso efanayo luya kwahluka kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo okusebenza. Ngokwembono yokhuseleko, uxinzelelo lovavanyo kufuneka lube lukhulu kunoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo.
Kubunjineli, uvavanyo loxinzelelo > uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo > uxinzelelo loyilo > uxinzelelo olusebenzayo.
Ngamnyeivalvu equkaivalvu yebhabhathane, ivalvu yesango kunye nevalvu yokujonga evela kwivalvu ye-ZFA kufuneka ivavanywe uxinzelelo ngaphambi kokuba ithunyelwe, kwaye uxinzelelo lovavanyo lukhulu okanye lulingana nomgangatho wovavanyo. Ngokubanzi, uxinzelelo lovavanyo lomzimba wevalvu luphindwe kayi-1.5 uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo, kwaye isitywino siphindwe kayi-1.1 uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo (ubude bovavanyo abuyi ngaphantsi kwemizuzu emi-5).