Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo (PN), inqanaba leeponti ezisemgangathweni zeKlasi yaseMelika (Lb), yindlela yokubonisa uxinzelelo, umahluko kukuba uxinzelelo abalumeleyo luhambelana nobushushu obahlukileyo, inkqubo yePN yaseYurophu ibhekisa kuxinzelelo olukwi-120 ° C Uxinzelelo oluhambelanayo, ngelixa iCLass American Standard ibhekisa kuxinzelelo oluhambelanayo kwi-425.5 ° C. Ke ngoko, ekutshintshiselaneni ngobunjineli, akunakwenzeka ukwenza nje ukuguqulwa koxinzelelo. Umzekelo, iCLass300 kufuneka ibe yi-2.1MPa ngokuguqulwa koxinzelelo olulula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ubushushu bokusebenza buyaqwalaselwa, uxinzelelo oluhambelanayo luya kwanda. Ngokwe-uvavanyo lobushushu kunye nokumelana noxinzelelo lwezinto, umlinganiselo ulingana ne-5.0MPa.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeenkqubo zeevalvu: enye yinkqubo "yoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo" emelwe yiJamani (kuquka neTshayina) esekelwe kuxinzelelo olusebenzayo oluvumelekileyo kubushushu begumbi (ii-degrees ezili-100 kwilizwe lam kunye nee-degrees ezili-120 eJamani). Enye yinkqubo "yobushushu kunye noxinzelelo" emelwe yiMelika, emelwe luxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza kubushushu obuthile. Kwinkqubo yobushushu kunye noxinzelelo yase-United States, ngaphandle kwe-150Lb, esekwe kwii-degrees ezingama-260, amanye amanqanaba asekelwe kwii-degrees ezingama-454. . Uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lwe-150-psi class (150psi=1MPa) No. 25 carbon steel valve yi-1MPa kwii-degrees ezingama-260, kwaye uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo kubushushu begumbi lukhulu kakhulu kune-1MPa, malunga ne-2.0MPa. Ngoko ke, ngokubanzi, inqanaba loxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo oluhambelana ne-American Standard 150Lb yi-2.0MPa, kwaye inqanaba loxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo oluhambelana ne-300Lb yi-5.0MPa, njl.njl. Ngoko ke, uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo kunye nobushushu kunye namanqanaba oxinzelelo azinakuguqulwa ngokungacwangciswanga ngokwefomula yokuguqula uxinzelelo.
I-PN yikhowudi enxulumene noxinzelelo olumelwe ngamanani, kwaye yi-round integer elula yokubhekisela kuyo. I-PN yinombolo ye-MPa engaxinezelekiyo ephantse ilingane nobushushu obuqhelekileyo, olu xinzelelo oluqhelekileyo olusetyenziswa rhoqoIivalvu zaseTshayinaKwiivalvu zokulawula ezineivalvu yentsimbi yekhabhoniimizimba, ibhekisa kuxinzelelo oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza xa lusetyenziswa ngaphantsi kwe-200°C; kwimizimba yevalvu yesinyithi esityhidiweyo, ibhekisa kuxinzelelo oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza xa lusetyenziswa ngaphantsi kwe-120°C; Uxinzelelo oluphezulu oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza kwizicelo ezingaphantsi kwe-250°C. Xa ubushushu bokusebenza bunyuka, ukumelana noxinzelelo lomzimba wevalvu kuya kuncipha. Ivalvu esemgangathweni yaseMelika ichaza uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo ngeepawundi, olusisiphumo sokubala ubushushu obudibeneyo kunye noxinzelelo lwesinyithi esithile, esibalwa ngokwemigangatho ye-ANSI B16.34. Isizathu esiphambili sokuba udidi lwepawundi kunye noxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo zingahambelani nomntu omnye kukuba isiseko sobushushu seklasi yepawundi kunye noxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo sahlukile. Sidla ngokusebenzisa isoftware ukubala, kodwa kufuneka sazi nendlela yokusebenzisa iitafile ukujonga izikali. IJapan isebenzisa ikakhulu ixabiso le-K ukubonisa inqanaba loxinzelelo. Kuxinzelelo lwegesi, eTshayina, ngokubanzi sisebenzisa iyunithi yayo yobunzima "kg" ukuchaza (endaweni ye-"jin"), kwaye iyunithi yi-kg. Iyunithi yoxinzelelo ehambelanayo yi-"kg/cm2", kwaye ikhilogram enye yoxinzelelo ithetha ukuba ikhilogram enye yamandla isebenza kwisentimitha enye yesikwere. Ngokufanayo, ngokuhambelana namazwe angaphandle, kuxinzelelo lwegesi, iyunithi yoxinzelelo esetyenziswa rhoqo yi-"psi", kwaye iyunithi yi-"1 pound/inch2", ethetha "iipounds nge-square inch". Igama elipheleleyo lesiNgesi yiPounds nge-square inch. Kodwa isetyenziswa kakhulu ukubiza ngokuthe ngqo iyunithi yayo yobunzima, oko kukuthi, ipound (Lb.), eneneni yi-Lb. Elo li-pound-force elikhankanyiweyo ngaphambili. Lingabalwa ngokutshintsha zonke iiyunithi zibe ziiyunithi ze-metric: 1 psi=1 pound/inch2 ≈0.068bar, 1 bar≈14.5psi≈0.1MPa, amazwe anjengeYurophu ne-United States asetyenziselwa ukusebenzisa i-psi njengeyunithi. KwiClass600 nakwiClass1500, kukho amaxabiso amabini ahlukeneyo ahambelana nomgangatho waseYurophu kunye nomgangatho waseMelika. I-11MPa (ehambelana nodidi lweepawundi ezingama-600) ngumgaqo wenkqubo yaseYurophu, ochazwe kwi-“ISO 7005-1-1992 Steel Flanges”; i-10MPa (ehambelana nodidi lweepawundi ezingama-600) ngumgaqo wenkqubo yaseMelika, ongumgaqo kwi-ASME B16.5. Ke ngoko, akunakutshiwo ngokupheleleyo ukuba udidi lweepawundi ezingama-600 luhambelana ne-11MPa okanye i-10MPa, kwaye imigaqo yeenkqubo ezahlukeneyo yahlukile.
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini eziphambili zeenkqubo zeevalvu: enye yinkqubo "yoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo" emelwe yiJamani (kuquka nelizwe lam) esekelwe kuxinzelelo olusebenzayo oluvumelekileyo kubushushu begumbi (ii-degrees ezili-100 kwilizwe lam kunye nee-degrees ezili-120 eJamani). Enye yinkqubo "yobushushu noxinzelelo" emelwe yiMelika, emelwe luxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lokusebenza kubushushu obuthile. Kwinkqubo yobushushu noxinzelelo yase-United States, ngaphandle kwe-150Lb, esekwe kwii-degrees ezingama-260, amanye amanqanaba asekelwe kwii-degrees ezingama-454. Umzekelo, uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo lwe-150Lb. 25 carbon steel valve yi-1MPa kwii-degrees ezingama-260, kwaye uxinzelelo oluvumelekileyo kubushushu begumbi lukhulu kakhulu kune-1MPa, emalunga ne-2.0MPa. Ngoko ke, ngokubanzi, inqanaba loxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo oluhambelana ne-American Standard 150Lb yi-2.0MPa, kwaye inqanaba loxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo oluhambelana ne-300Lb yi-5.0MPa, njl.njl. Ngoko ke, uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo kunye nobushushu kunye namanqanaba oxinzelelo azinakuguqulwa ngokungacwangciswanga ngokwefomula yokuguqula uxinzelelo.
Ekubeni iziseko zobushushu zoxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo kunye nomlinganiselo woxinzelelo zahlukile, akukho nxibelelwano luqinileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini. Unxibelelwano oluqhelekileyo phakathi kwezi zimbini luboniswe kwitheyibhile.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-31-2023