Isikhokelo seValve yeButterfly yoKhuseleko loMlilo

Iivalvu zeebhabhathane zokukhusela umlilo zixhaphake kakhulu ekwakheni iinkqubo zokulwa nomlilo.

Zisetyenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi. Zivula kwaye zivaleke ngokukhawuleza. Zincinci kwaye kulula ukuzifaka.

Xa kuthelekiswa neevalvu zesango okanye iivalvu zeglobe, iivalvu zebhabhathane azidingi mandla aneleyo okusebenza. Oku kuzenza zifaneleke ngakumbi kwiipayipi ezinkulu.
Uhlala uzifumana kwimibhobho ephambili yeenkqubo zokucima umlilo zangaphakathi, iinkqubo zokutshiza ezizenzekelayo, iindawo zokukhupha impompo yomlilo, iinkqubo zokuhambisa amanzi ezibekwe ngokweendawo, kunye neepayipi zomlilo zangaphandle.
Zikho kuyo yonke indawo kwiinkqubo zomlilo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, zihlala zithathwa njengento elula.

1. Yintoni Eyenza Ivalvu Yebhabhathane “Inqanaba Lokukhusela Umlilo”

1.1 Inkcazo yeValve yeBhabhathane yoKhuseleko loMlilo.

Iivalvu zeebhabhathane ezikhusela umlilo zihlala zibizwa ngokuba ziivalvu zeebhabhathane zesignali yomlilo okanye iivalvu zomlilo ezinikezelweyo.

Ivalvu yebhabhathane yokukhusela umlilo ayichazwanga ngenkangeleko okanye igama layo.
Ibhekisa kwivalvu yebhabhathane efanelekileyo ukusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zokulwa nomlilo. Isetyenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi kwimibhobho ye-hydrant okanye ye-sprinkler.

Umahluko ophambili kwivalvu yebhabhathane eqhelekileyo yile:
Ingathumela imiqondiso yokuvula okanye yokuvala ngexesha langempela kwiziko lolawulo lomlilo.

Ukongeza, ivalvu yebhabhathane yokukhusela umlilo kufuneka isebenze ngokuthembekileyo phantsi kweemeko ezinzima kakhulu zomlilo, kuquka:

*Uxinzelelo oluhlala ixesha elide
*Uxinzelelo lunyuka ngequbuliso xa ipompo yomlilo iqala
*Ihamile yamanzi ngexesha lokusebenza kwevalvu okanye ukutshintsha inkqubo
*Ukusebenza okuthembekileyo kwiimeko ezingxamisekileyo

1.2 Kutheni Kusetyenziswa Iivalvu Zebhabhathane Kwiinkqubo Zomlilo?

Ukusebenza kweedigri ezingama-90 ukuze kuphendulwe ngokukhawuleza
Ukumelana nediski ephantsi kunye nokulahlekelwa koxinzelelo olulawulwayo
Ixabiso liphantsi kuneevalvu zesango ngobukhulu obukhulu

2. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo kunye nezixhobo zeevalvu zeebhabhathane zokukhusela umlilo

Uninzi lweevalvu zebhabhathane ezikhusela umlilo ziluhlobo olunemiqolo okanye uhlobo oluneflange.
Zixhotyiswe ngemiqondiso yendawo. Imeko yokuvula neyokuvala ingathunyelwa kwigumbi lolawulo lomlilo.

2.1 Iintlobo zoQhagamshelo

2.1.1 Ivalvu yebhabhathane egobileyo

Iigrooves zinqunyulwa eziphelweni zepayipi kwaye zidibene nee-couplings.
Ukufakelwa kuyakhawuleza kwaye akufuneki ukuwelda.
Ivalvu yebhabhathane yohlobo lweGroovesifanelekile kwizakhiwo ezintsha kunye nokulungiswa kwesiza.
Ngaphezulu kwama-80% eenkqubo zomlilo zisebenzisa olu hlobo.

2.1.2 Ivalvu yeButterfly yeWafer

Iivalvu yohlobo lwe-waferUmzimba awunazo iiflanges kwaye ubotshelelwe ngokuthe ngqo phakathi kweeflanges zemibhobho emibini.

Yeyona incinci kwaye ilula, kodwa ifuna ukulungelelaniswa okuchanekileyo ngexesha lokufakwa.

2.1.3 Ivalvu yebhabhathane eFlanged

Zombini iziphelo zine-flanges kwaye ziqiniswe ngeebholiti.
Ukutywina kuthembekile kwaye ukugcinwa kwayo kulula.
Olu hlobo ludla ngokusetyenziswa kwiipayipi ezixineneyo okanye ezinkulu.

2.2 Iintlobo zokutywina

2.2.1 Ivalvu yebhabhathane ethambileyo ehleli phantsi

Kusetyenziswa ukuvala irabha. Ukusebenza kokuvala okuqinileyo.
Ifanelekile emanzini acocekileyo kubushushu obuqhelekileyo.

2.2.2 Ivalvu yebhabhathane ehleli ngentsimbi

Isinyithi-kwisinyithiUkuvala. Kungcono xa uxinzelelo luphezulu.
Ifanelekile emanzini anokuba nezinto ezingcolisayo.

Kwizinto zokwakha, umzimba wevalvu udla ngokuba yintsimbi ethambileyo ene-epoxy coating yokukhusela ukugqwala.
Idiski yenziwe ngentsimbi ethambileyo ene-nickel coating okanye intsimbi engatyiwayo.
Isiqu senziwe ngentsimbi engatyiwayo.

Amanzi omlilo ahlala engashukumi ixesha elide. Umngcipheko wokugqwala uphezulu.
Ezi zinto zikhethwa ixesha elide.

3. Uvavanyo oluPhambili loXinzelelo kwiinkqubo zoKhuseleko loMlilo

3.1 Ukuphakama kweSpray yethiyori phantsi koxinzelelo

Kwiiprojekthi ezininzi zomlilo, i-PN16 yireyithingi yoxinzelelo oluzenzekelayo.

Ngokwe-GB 50974 esemgangathweni yaseTshayina – iKhowudi yoYilo lweeNkqubo zoNikezelo lwaManzi oMlilo kunye neeHydrant, uxinzelelo olusebenzayo lweenkqubo zomlilo zangaphakathi ludla ngokuba phakathi kwe-1.0 MPa kunye ne-1.6 MPa.

Kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo okanye kwiindawo ezinkulu, uxinzelelo lunokuba phezulu.
Nangona kunjalo, i-PN16 sele igubungela uninzi lwezakhiwo eziqhelekileyo.

Abantu abaninzi bayabuza ukuba amanzi aphezulu anokutshiza kangakanani xa ephantsi koxinzelelo olu.
Xa sijonga i-nozzle yepayipi yomlilo njengomzekelo, phantsi koxinzelelo lwe-PN16, amanzi anokufikelela kwiimitha ezili-163 ngokuthe nkqo.

Eli xabiso libalwa kusetyenziswa ifomula:

h = P / (ρ × g)

Apho:
P = 1.6 × 10⁶ Pa
ρ (ubuninzi bamanzi) ≈ 1000 kg/m³
g ≈ 9.81 m/s²

Iziphumo ezibaliweyo:
h ≈ 163 m

Kwimeko yokwenyani, ukumelana nemilomo, ukungqubana komoya, kunye nokulahleka kwemibhobho kunciphisa ukuphakama.
Ukuphakama kwesifutho sokwenyani kudla ngokuba ziimitha ezili-140–150.
Oku kwanele kwizakhiwo ezininzi, njengezindlu zokuhlala ezinde kunye neevenkile ezinkulu.

3.2 Ukuphakama Kwesitshizi Sokwenyani Kwimisebenzi Yobunjineli

Kwiinkqubo zomlilo, uxinzelelo alunanto yakwenza nethiyori.
Inxulumene ngokuthe ngqo nokuphakama kwesakhiwo.

Emva kokuqwalasela ilahleko zepayipi, imida yokhuseleko, kunye nokuguquguquka koxinzelelo okubangelwa kukuqala nokuma kwepompo, la maxabiso alandelayo ayamkelwa ngokubanzi:

Ngenxa yesi sizathu, i-PN16 iba lolona khetho lukhuselekileyo nolungabizi kakhulu.

3.3 Uvavanyo loxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo kwiiprojekthi zomlilo

Iinkqubo zokucima umlilo zangaphakathi → PN16
Iinkqubo zokutshiza ezizenzekelayo → PN16
Izixhobo zomlilo zangaphandle → PN16 okanye ngaphezulu
Imigca yokukhupha impompo yomlilo → PN20 / PN25 kwezinye iiprojekthi

Ukuba umlinganiselo woxinzelelo uphantsi kune-PN16,
inkqubo isenokungabi naso isilinganiselo sokhuseleko esaneleyo ngexesha leemeko zongxamiseko.