Ukuba uhambahamba kwindawo yokusebenzela yezityalo zeekhemikhali, ngokuqinisekileyo uya kubona imibhobho eneevalvu ezineentloko ezijikelezileyo, ezilawula iivalvu.
Ivalvu yokulawula i-diaphragm yomoya
Ungalwazi ulwazi oluthile malunga nevalvu yokulawula usebenzisa igama layo. Igama eliphambili elithi “regulation” kukuba uluhlu lwayo lohlengahlengiso lunokulungiswa ngokungakhethiyo phakathi kwe-0 ne-100%.
Abahlobo abalumkileyo kufuneka bafumanise ukuba kukho isixhobo esixhonywe phantsi kwentloko yevalvu nganye elawulayo. Abo baqhelene nayo kufuneka bazi ukuba le yintliziyo yevalvu elawulayo, i-valve positioner. Ngale sixhobo, umthamo womoya ongena entlokweni (ifilimu ye-pneumatic) unokulungiswa. Lawula ngokuchanekileyo indawo yevalvu.
Iivalvu zokumisa ziquka ii-positioners ezikrelekrele kunye nee-positioners zoomatshini. Namhlanje sixoxa nge-mechanical positioner yokugqibela, efana ne-positioner eboniswe kumfanekiso.
Umgaqo wokusebenza we-mechanical pneumatic valve positioner
Umzobo wolwakhiwo lwe-valve positioner
Umfanekiso ngokusisiseko uchaza iindawo ze-mechanical pneumatic valve positioner nganye nganye. Inyathelo elilandelayo kukubona ukuba isebenza njani?
Umthombo womoya uvela emoyeni ocinezelweyo wesikhululo se-compressor yomoya. Kukho ivalvu yokunciphisa uxinzelelo lwe-air filter phambi komthombo womoya wokungena we-valve positioner yokucocwa komoya ocinezelweyo. Umthombo womoya ovela kwindawo yokuphuma yevalvu yokunciphisa uxinzelelo ungena kwi-valve positioner. Ubungakanani bomoya ongena kwintloko ye-membrane yevalvu bumiselwa ngokwesignali yokukhupha yomlawuli.
Ukuphuma kwesignali yombane yi-controller yi-4~20mA, kwaye isignali yomoya yi-20Kpa~100Kpa. Ukuguqulwa ukusuka kwisignali yombane ukuya kwisignali yomoya kwenziwa nge-electrical converter.
Xa isiphumo sombane esivela kumlawuli siguqulwa sibe sisignali yegesi ehambelanayo, isignali yegesi eguquliweyo emva koko sisebenza kwi-bellows. I-Lever 2 ijikeleza i-fulcrum, kwaye icandelo elisezantsi le-lever 2 lihamba ngasekunene lize lisondele kwi-nozzle. Uxinzelelo lwangasemva lwe-nozzle luyanda, kwaye emva kokuba ikhuliswe yi-pneumatic amplifier (icandelo elinophawu olungaphantsi komfanekiso), inxalenye yomthombo womoya ithunyelwa kwigumbi lomoya le-pneumatic diaphragm. I-valve stem ithwala i-valve core iye ezantsi kwaye ivula ngokuzenzekelayo i-valve. iba ncinci. Ngeli xesha, i-feedback rod (i-swing rod ekumfanekiso) eqhagamshelwe kwi-valve stem ihamba iye ezantsi ijikeleze i-fulcrum, ibangela ukuba isiphelo esingaphambili se-shaft siye ezantsi. I-eccentric cam eqhagamshelwe kuyo ijikeleza ngokuchasene newotshi, kwaye i-roller ijikeleza ngokwewotshi kwaye iye ekhohlo. Yolula i-feedback spring. Ekubeni icandelo elisezantsi le-feedback spring yolula i-lever 2 kwaye iye ekhohlo, iya kufikelela kwibhalansi yamandla kunye noxinzelelo lwesignali olusebenza kwi-bellows, ngoko i-valve imile kwindawo ethile kwaye ayishukumi.
Ngentshayelelo engentla, kufuneka ube nokuqonda okuthile nge-mechanical valve positioner. Xa unethuba, kungcono ukuyiqhekeza kube kanye ngelixa uyisebenzisa, kwaye uqinise indawo yenxalenye nganye ye-positioner kunye negama lenxalenye nganye. Ke ngoko, ingxoxo emfutshane ngee-mechanical valves ifikelela esiphelweni. Okulandelayo, siza kwandisa ulwazi ukuze sifumane ukuqonda okunzulu ngee-regulating valves.
ulwandiso lolwazi
Ukwandiswa kolwazi lokuqala
Ivalvu elawula i-diaphragm ye-pneumatic ekumfanekiso iluhlobo oluvaliweyo ngomoya. Abanye abantu bayabuza, kutheni?
Okokuqala, jonga indlela yokungena komoya kwi-aerodynamic diaphragm, nto leyo enefuthe elihle.
Okwesibini, jonga indlela yokufaka i-valve core, nto leyo eqinisekisayo.
Umthombo womoya wegumbi lomoya le-diaphragm ye-pneumatic, i-diaphragm icinezela izipringi ezintandathu ezigqunywe yi-diaphragm, ngaloo ndlela ityhala isiqu sevalvu ukuba siye ezantsi. Isiqu sevalvu siqhagamshelwe kwisiseko sevalvu, kwaye isiseko sevalvu sifakwe phambili, ngoko ke umthombo womoya yivalvu Hamba uye kwindawo yokuphuma. Ke ngoko, ibizwa ngokuba yivalvu yomoya-ukuya-ekuvaleni. Ukuvula isiphene kuthetha ukuba xa unikezelo lomoya luphazamisekile ngenxa yokwakhiwa okanye ukugqwala kombhobho womoya, ivalvu iphinda isetyenziswe phantsi kwamandla okusabela entwasahlobo, kwaye ivalvu ikwindawo evulekileyo ngokupheleleyo kwakhona.
Ungayisebenzisa njani ivalvu yokuvala umoya?
Indlela yokuyisebenzisa ithathwa njengeyona ndlela ikhuselekileyo. Le yimeko ebalulekileyo xa ukhetha ukuba uyayivula okanye uyayicima umoya.
Umzekelo: idrama yomphunga, esinye sezixhobo eziphambili zebhoyila, kunye nevalvu yokulawula esetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokubonelela ngamanzi kufuneka zivalwe ngomoya. Ngoba? Umzekelo, ukuba umthombo wegesi okanye umbane uphazamiseka ngequbuliso, isithando sisavutha ngamandla kwaye sifudumeza amanzi kwidrama rhoqo. Ukuba igesi isetyenziselwa ukuvula ivalvu yokulawula kwaye amandla aphazamisekile, ivalvu iya kuvalwa kwaye isithando siya kutsha ngemizuzu embalwa ngaphandle kwamanzi (ukutshisa okomileyo). Oku kuyingozi kakhulu. Akunakwenzeka ukujongana nokusilela kwevalvu yokulawula ngexesha elifutshane, okuya kukhokelela ekuvalweni kwesithando. Iingozi zenzeka. Ke ngoko, ukuze kuthintelwe ukutsha okomileyo okanye iingozi zokuvala isithando, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ivalvu yokuvala igesi. Nangona amandla ephazamisekile kwaye ivalvu yokulawula ikwindawo evulekileyo ngokupheleleyo, amanzi aqhubeka efakwa kwidrama yomphunga, kodwa ayizukubangela imali eyomileyo kwidrama yomphunga. Kusekho ixesha lokujongana nokusilela kwevalvu yokulawula kwaye isithando asiyi kuvalwa ngokuthe ngqo ukuze sijongane naso.
Ngemizekelo engentla, ngoku kufuneka ube nokuqonda kwangaphambili indlela yokukhetha iivalvu zokulawula ezivula umoya kunye neevalvu zokulawula ezivala umoya!
Ukwandiswa koLwazi 2
Olu lwazi luncinci lumalunga notshintsho kwiziphumo ezilungileyo nezimbi ze-locator.
Ivalvu elawulayo kumfanekiso isebenza kakuhle. Ikhamera engaqhelekanga inamacala amabini u-AB, u-A umele icala langaphambili kwaye u-B umele icala. Ngeli xesha, icala lika-A lijonge ngaphandle, kwaye ukujika icala lika-B liphume yimpendulo. Ke ngoko, ukutshintsha icala lika-A kumfanekiso ukuya kwicala lika-B kukubeka ivalvu yomatshini yokusabela.
Umfanekiso wokwenyani kumfanekiso yivalvu esebenza kakuhle, kwaye isignali yokukhupha yomlawuli yi-4-20mA. Xa i-4mA, isignali yomoya ehambelanayo yi-20Kpa, kwaye ivalvu elawulayo ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo. Xa i-20mA, isignali yomoya ehambelanayo yi-100Kpa, kwaye ivalvu elawulayo ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo.
Izikhombisi-ndlela zeevalvu zoomatshini zinezibonelelo kunye neengxaki
Iingenelo: ulawulo oluchanekileyo.
Iingxaki: Ngenxa yolawulo lwe-pneumatic, ukuba isignali yendawo kufuneka ibuyiselwe kwigumbi lolawulo eliphakathi, kufuneka isixhobo esongezelelweyo sokuguqula umbane.
Ulwandiso lolwazi lwesithathu
Imiba enxulumene nokuphazamiseka kwemihla ngemihla.
Ukusilela ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso kuyinto eqhelekileyo kwaye kuyinxalenye yenkqubo yemveliso. Kodwa ukuze kugcinwe umgangatho, ukhuseleko, kunye nobungakanani, iingxaki kufuneka zijongwane nazo ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Eli lixabiso lokuhlala kwinkampani. Ke ngoko, siza kuxoxa ngokufutshane ngeziganeko ezininzi eziphosakeleyo ezidibene nazo:
1. Isiphumo se-valve positioner sifana ne-furt.
Musa ukuvula isigqubuthelo sangaphambili se-valve positioner; mamela isandi ukuze ubone ukuba umbhobho womthombo womoya uqhekekile kwaye ubangela ukuvuza. Oku kunokugwetywa ngeliso lenyama. Kwaye mamela ukuba kukho na isandi sokuvuza esivela kwigumbi lomoya elingenayo.
Vula ikhava engaphambili ye-valve positioner; 1. Nokuba i-orifice engaguqukiyo ivaliwe na; 2. Jonga indawo ye-baffle; 3. Jonga ukuthamba kwentwasahlobo yempendulo; 4. Yahlula ivalvu yesikwere kwaye ujonge i-diaphragm.
2. Isiphumo se-valve positioner siyadinisa
1. Jonga ukuba uxinzelelo lomthombo womoya lungaphakathi koluhlu oluchaziweyo na kwaye nokuba intonga yokuphendula iwile na. Eli lelona nyathelo lilula.
2. Jonga ukuba intambo yomgca wesignali ichanekile na (iingxaki ezivela kamva zihlala zingahoywa)
3. Ngaba kukho into ebambekileyo phakathi kwekhoyili kunye ne-armature?
4. Jonga ukuba indawo ehambelanayo ye-nozzle kunye ne-baffle ifanelekile na.
5. Jonga imeko yekhoyili yecandelo le-electromagnetic
6. Jonga ukuba indawo yohlengahlengiso lwentwasahlobo yokulinganisela ifanelekile na
Emva koko, isignali ifakwa, kodwa uxinzelelo lwemveliso alutshintshi, kukho imveliso kodwa ayifikeleli kwixabiso eliphezulu, njl. Ezi mpazamo zifunyanwa nakwiimpazamo zemihla ngemihla kwaye azizukuxoxwa apha.
Ukwandiswa kolwazi lwesine
Ukulawula uhlengahlengiso lwe-valve stroke
Ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa, ukusebenzisa ivalvu yokulawula ixesha elide kuya kukhokelela ekubetheni okungachanekanga. Ngokubanzi, kusoloko kukho impazamo enkulu xa uzama ukuvula indawo ethile.
I-stroke yi-0-100%, khetha inqaku eliphezulu lokulungisa, eliyi-0, 25, 50, 75, kunye ne-100, zonke zichazwa njengeepesenti. Ingakumbi kwi-mechanical valve positioners, xa ulungisa, kuyimfuneko ukwazi iindawo zezixhobo ezimbini zesandla ngaphakathi kwi-positioner, oko kukuthi indawo yokulungisa i-zero kunye ne-adjustment span.
Ukuba sithatha ivalvu elawula ukuvulwa komoya njengomzekelo, yilungise.
Inyathelo 1: Kwindawo yokulungisa engu-zero, igumbi lolawulo okanye ijenereyitha yesignali inika i-4mA. Ivalvu yokulawula kufuneka ivalwe ngokupheleleyo. Ukuba ayinakuvalwa ngokupheleleyo, yenza uhlengahlengiso luka-zero. Emva kokuba uhlengahlengiso luka-zero lugqityiwe, lungisa ngokuthe ngqo inqaku le-50%, kwaye ulungise ububanzi ngokufanelekileyo. Kwangaxeshanye, qaphela ukuba intonga yempendulo kunye nesiqu sevalvu kufuneka zibe kwimeko ethe nkqo. Emva kokuba uhlengahlengiso lugqityiwe, lungisa inqaku le-100%. Emva kokuba uhlengahlengiso lugqityiwe, lungisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukusuka kumanqaku amahlanu phakathi kwe-0-100% de kube kuvulwe ngokuchanekileyo.
Isiphelo; ukusuka kwi-mechanical positioner ukuya kwi-intelligence positioner. Ngokwembono yesayensi netekhnoloji, uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwesayensi netekhnoloji lunciphise amandla abasebenzi abasebenza kumgca ongaphambili. Mna, ndicinga ukuba ukuba ufuna ukusebenzisa izakhono zakho zokusebenza ngezandla nokufunda izakhono, i-mechanical positioner yeyona ilungileyo, ngakumbi kubasebenzi bezixhobo ezintsha. Ukubeka ngokucacileyo, i-intelligence locator inokuqonda amagama ambalwa kwincwadi yemiyalelo kwaye ishukumise iminwe yakho. Iya kulungisa ngokuzenzekelayo yonke into ukusuka ekulungiseni inqaku le-zero ukuya ekulungiseni uluhlu. Linda nje ukuba igqibe ukudlala kwaye icoce indawo. Hamba nje. Kuhlobo lwe-mechanical, iindawo ezininzi kufuneka zihlulwe, zilungiswe kwaye ziphinde zifakwe nguwe. Oku ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuphucula amandla akho okusebenza ngezandla kwaye kukwenze uchukumiseke ngakumbi yisakhiwo sayo sangaphakathi.
Nokuba ikrelekrele okanye ayikrelekrele, idlala indima ephambili kuyo yonke inkqubo yemveliso ezenzekelayo. Xa sele "itshayile", akukho ndlela yokulungelelanisa kwaye ulawulo oluzenzekelayo alunantsingiselo.
Ixesha lokuthumela: Agasti-31-2023