1. Intshayelelo
Ukutshintsha izitywino zerabha kwiivalvu zebhabhathane yinkqubo entsonkothileyo efuna ulwazi lobuchwephesha, ukuchaneka, kunye nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukusebenza kwevalvu kunye nokuthembeka kokutywina kuhlala kuhleli. Esi sikhokelo sinzulu seengcali kunye neengcali zokugcinwa kweevalvu sinika imiyalelo eneenkcukacha, iindlela ezilungileyo, kunye neengcebiso zokusombulula iingxaki.
Ukugcina izitulo zeevalvu zeebhabhathane kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba zihlala ixesha elide kwaye zisebenza kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuhamba kwexesha, izitywino zerabha kwiivalvu zeebhabhathane zinokonakala ngenxa yezinto ezifana noxinzelelo, ubushushu, kunye nokuvezwa ziikhemikhali. Ke ngoko, izitulo zeevalvu zifuna ukulungiswa rhoqo ukuthintela ukungaphumeleli nokwandisa ubomi bezi zinto zibalulekileyo.
Ukongeza ekuthambiseni, ekuhloleni, nasekulungiseni ngexesha elifanelekileyo ukuze zihlale zikwimeko entle, ukutshintsha izitywini zerabha kuneengenelo ezibalulekileyo. Kuyandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwevalvu ngokuthintela ukuvuza nokuqinisekisa ukuvalwa okuqinileyo, kunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi kunye nokuphucula ukuthembeka ngokubanzi.
Esi sikhokelo sigubungela yonke inkqubo ukususela ekulungiseleleni ukutshintshwa kwesihlalo ukuya kuvavanyo lokugqibela, kwaye sibonelela ngamanyathelo apheleleyo kunye nezilumkiso.
2. Ukuqonda iivalvu zeebhabhathane kunye nezitywino zerabha
2.1. Ukwakhiwa kweevalvu zebhabhathane
Iivalvu zebhabhathane zenziwe ngamacandelo amahlanu: umzimba wevalvu,ipleyiti yevalvu, umngxuma wevalvu,isihlalo sevalvu, kunye ne-actuator. Njengento yokuvala ivalvu yebhabhathane, isihlalo sevalvu sihlala sijikeleze idiski yevalvu okanye umzimba wevalvu ukuqinisekisa ukuba ulwelo aluphumi xa ivalvu ivaliwe, ngaloo ndlela kugcinwa itywina eliqinileyo nelingenamanzi.
2.2. Iintlobo zezihlalo zeevalvu zebhabhathane
Izitulo zeevalvu zebhabhathane zingahlulwahlulwa zibe ziintlobo ezintathu.
2.2.1 Isihlalo sevalvu ethambileyo, nto leyo ebhekiselele kuso isihlalo sevalvu esinokutshintshwa esikhankanyiweyo kweli nqaku.
I-EPDM (i-ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber): ayimelani namanzi kunye neekhemikhali ezininzi, ifanelekile ukunyanga amanzi.
- I-NBR (irabha ye-nitrile): ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa kweoyile negesi ngenxa yokumelana kwayo neoyile.
- I-Viton: ingasetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu ngenxa yokumelana kwayo nobushushu.
2.2.2 Isihlalo esingasemva esiqinileyo, olu hlobo lwesihlalo sevalvu lunokutshintshwa, kodwa luyinkimbinkimbi ngakumbi. Ndiza kubhala elinye inqaku ukuze ndilichaze ngokweenkcukacha.
2.2.3 Isihlalo sevalvu esine-Vulcanized, esisihlalo sevalvu esingenakutshintshwa.
2.3 Iimpawu zokuba isitywino serabha kufuneka sitshintshwe
- Ukonakala okanye ukuguguleka okubonakalayo: Ukuhlolwa ngokwasemzimbeni kunokubonisa imingxunya, ukukrazuka, okanye ukuguguleka kwesitywini.
- Ukuvuza okujikeleze ivalvu: Nokuba ivaliwe, ukuba ulwelo luvuza, isitywino sinokunxitywa.
- Ukwanda kwe-torque yokusebenza: Ukonakala kwesihlalo sevalvu kuya kubangela ukwanda kokumelana nokusebenza kwevalvu yebhabhathane.
3. Ukulungiselela
3.1 Izixhobo nezixhobo ezifunekayo
Ukuze ufake isitywino serabha kwivalvu yebhabhathane ngempumelelo, kufuneka izixhobo ezithile kunye nezixhobo. Ukuba nezixhobo ezifanelekileyo kuqinisekisa inkqubo yokutshintsha egudileyo nephumelelayo.
- Ii-Wrenches, ii-screwdriver, okanye ii-hexagon sockets: Ezi zixhobo ziyakhulula kwaye ziqinise ii-bolts ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshintsha. . Qinisekisa ukuba une-wrenches ezihlengahlengiswayo, ii-slotted kunye nee-Phillips screwdrivers, kunye nee-hexagon sockets ezinobukhulu obahlukeneyo ukuze zilungele ubungakanani obahlukeneyo bee-bolts.
- Izithambisi: Izithambisi, ezifana negrisi ye-silicone, zidlala indima ebalulekileyo ekugcineni iindawo ezishukumayo zevalvu. Ukusebenzisa isithambisi esifanelekileyo kunciphisa ukungqubana kwaye kuthintela ukuguguleka.
- Ihamile yerabha okanye ihamile yomthi: Yenza isihlalo silingane kakuhle nomzimba wevalvu.
- Isihlalo esitsha sevalvu: Itywina entsha yerabha ibalulekile kwinkqubo yokutshintshwa. Qinisekisa ukuba itywina iyahlangabezana neemfuno zevalvu kunye neemeko zokusebenza. Ukusebenzisa itywina ezihambelanayo kuqinisekisa ukulingana okuqinileyo kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
-Izinto zokucoca: Coca umphezulu wokuvala kakuhle ukuze ususe nayiphi na inkunkuma okanye intsalela. Eli nyathelo liqinisekisa ukuba isihlalo esitsha sifakwe ngokuchanekileyo kwaye sithintela ukuvuza emva kokufakwa.
-Iiglavu zokuzikhusela kunye neeglasi zokukhusela: Qinisekisa ukhuseleko lwabasebenzi.
3.2 Lungiselela ukutshintshwa
3.2.1 Vala inkqubo yemibhobho
Ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukutshintsha isihlalo serabha kwivalvu yebhabhathane, qiniseka ukuba inkqubo ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo, ubuncinane ivalvu engasentla kwevalvu yebhabhathane ivaliwe, ukukhulula uxinzelelo nokuqinisekisa ukuba akukho manzi ahambayo. Qinisekisa ukuba icandelo lombhobho lincitshisiwe ngokujonga igeyiji yoxinzelelo.
3.2.2 Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela
Ukhuseleko kufuneka lube yeyona nto iphambili kuwe. Nxiba izixhobo zokuzikhusela ezifanelekileyo, kuquka iiglavu kunye neeglasi. Ezi zinto zithintela iingozi ezinokubakho ezifana nokutshizwa ziikhemikhali okanye imiphetho ebukhali.
4. Buyisela isitywino serabha kwivalvu yebhabhathane
Ukutshintsha isitywino serabha kwiivalvu yebhabhathaneYinkqubo elula kodwa enobuchule efuna ingqalelo kwiinkcukacha. Landela la manyathelo angezantsi ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukutshintshwa kuyaphumelela.
4.1 Ungayiqhekeza njani ivalvu yebhabhathane?
4.1.1. Vula iValve yeBhabhathane
Ukushiya idiski yevalvu ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo kuya kuthintela ukuvaleka ngexesha lokuqhaqha.
4.1.2. Khulula izibophelelo
Sebenzisa isikrufu ukukhulula iibholithi okanye izikrufu eziqinisa indibano yevalvu. Susa ezi zibophelelo ngononophelo ukuze ungonakalisi umzimba wevalvu.
4.1.3. Susa iValve yeBhabhathane
Tsala ivalvu ngononophelo uphume kumbhobho, uxhase ubunzima bayo ukuze uthintele umonakalo emzimbeni wevalvu okanye kwidiski.
4.1.4 Nqamula isixhobo sokuqalisa ukusebenza
Ukuba i-actuator okanye isiphatho siqhagamshelwe, sikhuphe ukuze ufikelele ngokupheleleyo emzimbeni wevalvu.
4.2 Susa isihlalo sevalvu esidala
4.2.1. Susa isitywino:
Qhawula i-valve assembly uze ususe ngononophelo isitywini serabha esidala.
Ukuba kuyimfuneko, sebenzisa isixhobo esiluncedo njengesikrufula ukuze ukhuphe isitywino, kodwa lumka ungakrweli okanye wonakalise umphezulu wokuvala.
4.2.2. Hlola ivalvu
Emva kokususa isitywino esidala, hlola umzimba wevalvu ukuze ubone iimpawu zokuguguleka okanye zokonakala. Olu hlolo luqinisekisa ukuba isitywino esitsha sifakwa ngokuchanekileyo kwaye sisebenza ngokufanelekileyo.
4.3 Faka isitywino esitsha
4.3.1 Coca umphezulu
Ngaphambi kokufaka isitywino esitsha, coca umphezulu wokuvala kakuhle. Susa nayiphi na inkunkuma okanye intsalela ukuqinisekisa ukuba ilingana kakuhle. Eli nyathelo libalulekile ekuthinteleni ukuvuza nokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle.
4.3.2. Hlanganisa isihlalo sevalvu
Beka isihlalo esitsha sevalvu endaweni yaso, uqinisekise ukuba umngxuma waso uhambelana ngokufanelekileyo nomngxuma womzimba wevalvu.
4.3.3 Hlanganisa kwakhona ivalvu
Hlanganisa ivalvu yebhabhathane ngendlela echaseneyo yokuyiqhaqha. Lungelelanisa iindawo ngononophelo ukuze uphephe ukungalungelelani, nto leyo enokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwesitywini.
4.4 Ukuhlolwa emva kokutshintshwa kwento
Emva kokutshintsha isihlalo sevalvu yebhabhathane, ukuhlolwa emva kokutshintshwa kuqinisekisa ukuba ivalvu isebenza ngokufanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo.
4.4.1. Ukuvula nokuvala ivalvu
Sebenzisa ivalvu ngokuyivula nokuyivala izihlandlo ezininzi. Olu sebenzi luqinisekisa ukuba isitywino esitsha sevalvu sibekwe kakuhle. Ukuba kukho naluphi na uxhathiso okanye ingxolo engaqhelekanga, oku kunokubonisa ingxaki ngendibano.
4.4.2. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo
Ukwenza uvavanyo loxinzelelo linyathelo eliyimfuneko ngaphambi kokuba ivalvu yebhabhathane ifakwe ukuqinisekisa ukuba ivalvu inokumelana noxinzelelo olusebenzayo lwenkqubo. Olu vavanyo lukunceda uqinisekise ukuba itywina elitsha linika itywina eliqinileyo nelithembekileyo ukuthintela nakuphi na ukuvuza okunokwenzeka.
Jonga indawo yokutywina:
Hlola indawo ejikeleze isitywini esitsha ukuze ubone iimpawu zokuvuza. Khangela amathontsi okanye ukufuma okunokubonisa ukuba isitywini asisebenzi kakuhle. Ukuba kufunyenwe naziphi na iithontsi, kunokufuneka ulungise isitywini okanye uqinise uqhagamshelo.
4.5 Faka ivalvu yebhabhathane
Qinisa iibholithi okanye izikrufu usebenzisa isikrufu. Qinisekisa ukuba zonke iziqhagamshelo ziqinile ukuthintela ukuvuza. Eli nyathelo ligqibezela inkqubo yokufakela kwaye lilungiselela ukuvavanya ivalvu.
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5. Iingcebiso zokwandisa ubomi besitywina
Ukugcinwa rhoqo kweevalvu zeebhabhathane kudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukuba ziphila ixesha elide kwaye zisebenza kakuhle. Ngokugcinwa ngokufanelekileyo, njengokuhlola nokuthambisa iinxalenye zeevalvu zeebhabhathane, ukuguguleka okunokubangela ukuvuza okanye ukungaphumeleli kunokuthintelwa ngempumelelo. Iingxaki ezinokubakho zinokuthintelwa kwaye ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo yolawulo lolwelo kunokuphuculwa.
Ukutyala imali ekulungiseni rhoqo kunokunciphisa kakhulu iindleko zokulungisa. Ngokujongana neengxaki kwangethuba, ungaphepha ukulungiswa okubizayo okanye ukutshintshwa kwezinto ezibangelwa kukungakhathali. Le ndlela ingabizi kakhulu iqinisekisa ukuba inkqubo yakho ihlala isebenza ngaphandle kweendleko ezingalindelekanga.
6. Isikhokelo soMvelisi
Ukuba uhlangabezana neengxaki ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshintsha, kuyanceda ukuqhagamshelana neqela lenkxaso yobugcisa kunye neyasemva kokuthengisa lomenzi. Baza kubonelela ngeengcebiso zeengcali kunye nezisombululo ezisekwe kwimeko yakho ethile. Nokuba unemibuzo malunga nenkqubo yokutshintsha, iqela le-ZFA liza kukunika inkxaso nge-imeyile nangefowuni ukuqinisekisa ukuba ungafumana ulwalathiso lobuchwephesha xa ulufuna.
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