1. Inkcazo emfutshane
Kuyaziwa ukubaiivalvu zebhabhathaneZisebenza kakuhle kakhulu, zincinci kuyilo kwaye zingabizi kakhulu, ngoko ke zisetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini ahlukeneyo. Nangona kunjalo, njengayo nayiphi na into yoomatshini, iivalvu zebhabhathane nazo zinokungaphumeleli. Ukusilela kwahlulwe ngokweemvelaphi kunye nokufunyanwa. Iziphene zokuzalwa ngokubanzi zibhekisa kwiziphene zokwenza, njengobunzima obungalinganiyo okanye imifantu kwisihlalo sevalvu. Iziphene ezifunyenweyo zihlala zivela kwimingeni eyahlukeneyo enokuchaphazela ukusebenza. Ukuvuza kudla ngokubangelwa zizitywino ezigugileyo, ukufakwa okungafanelekanga okanye umonakalo woomatshini. Ukubola kunye nokugqwala kunokonakalisa iindawo zevalvu, okukhokelela ekusileleni. Ukungatywinwa ngokwaneleyo ngenxa yokungahambelani kwezinto okanye iingxaki ze-actuator kunokwenza iingxaki zokusebenza zibe mandundu ngakumbi. Ke ngoko, ukuqonda iingxaki ezinokubakho zeevalvu zebhabhathane kunye nokuqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo kunye nokuthembeka kweevalvu zebhabhathane ngokufakelwa ngokuchanekileyo, ukugcinwa rhoqo kunye nokulungiswa ngexesha elifanelekileyo kubalulekile.
2. Iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ngeevalvu zeebhabhathane
Ngokuphathelele iziphene zokuzalwa zokuvelisa iivalvu zebhabhathane, zfaumzi-mveliso wevalvu yebhabhathaneyenze uphuculo, uphuculo kunye nokuphepha uyilo, iteknoloji yemveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa kwezinto emva kweminyaka eli-18 yophando olungapheliyo. Kwaye zonke iivalvu zebhabhathane ziya kuvavanywa ngaphambi kokuba ziphume kumzi-mveliso, kwaye iimveliso ezingafanelekiyo aziyi kuphuma kumzi-mveliso.
Ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezingafanelanga ulwelo okanye igesi ethile ephathwayo kunokubangela ukuwohloka kwangaphambi kwexesha kwezixhobo zevalvu. Ukongeza, umonakalo woomatshini, ofana nokuchaphazeleka, ukunyuka koxinzelelo okanye ukukhukuliseka, kunokonakalisa iindawo zangaphakathi zevalvu, nto leyo eyonyusa iingxaki zokuvuza.
Okokugqibela, iziphene zokwenza izinto ezifana neempazamo zokusika okanye umatshini ongasebenzi kakuhle zinokuphazamisa ulwakhiwo lwevalvu. Ezi ziphene zihlala zibangela iindawo ezingalinganiyo okanye iintanda ezithintela ukutywinwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ezi zilandelayo zizizathu kunye nezisombululo zeziphene ezifunyenweyo.
2.1 Ukuvuza kwevalvu yebhabhathane
Ukuvuza kwevalvu yebhabhathane yingxaki eqhelekileyo enokuphazamisa ukusebenza, inciphise ukusebenza kakuhle, kwaye inokuba yingozi ngandlela thile.
2.1.1 Izizathu zokuvuza
Zininzi izinto ezibangela ukuvuza kwevalvu yebhabhathane. Ingcali uHuang wakha wathi: "Iitywina ezonakeleyo, ukufakwa okungafanelekanga kunye nokungahambelani kwezinto zezona zinto ziphambili ezibangela ukuvuza kwevalvu yebhabhathane. Ukusombulula ezi ngxaki ngetekhnoloji efanelekileyo kunye nokukhetha izinto kunokunciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuvuza."
*Iitywina ezonakeleyo
Ekuhambeni kwexesha, izitywini ziya konakala ngenxa yokungqubana, ukucaphuka kwemidiya okanye ubushushu obugqithisileyo. Oku kuya kuphazamisa amandla okuvala ivalvu yebhabhathane.
*Ufakelo olungafanelekanga
Ukungalungelelani kakuhle okanye ukuqina kwebholiti ngendlela engafanelekanga ngexesha lokufakwa, amandla angalinganiyo, njl.njl. kunokwenza buthathaka ukuthembeka kokutywina. Ukujikeleza rhoqo okanye iindawo ezivulekileyo/ezivaliweyo ezingachanekanga nazo zinokubangela uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kwisitywina, nto leyo enokukhawulezisa ukusilela kwaso.
* Ukukhetha izinto ezingafanelekanga
Umzekelo, indawo enobushushu obuphantsi bekufanele ukuba ikhethe i-LCC kodwa isebenzise i-WCB. Le yingxaki, kwaye ayiyongxaki. Kubalulekile ukuthenga iivalvu kubavelisi abaneenkqubo ezingqongqo zokulawula umgangatho. Ukuze uphephe iingxaki ezinxulumene nokuveliswa, okanye ukuba awuqinisekanga ukuba ivalvu yebhabhathane ifuna ulungelelwaniso luni, yishiyele le ngxaki kumenzi weevalvu zebhabhathane-i-ZFA ochwephesha ukuze akuncede ukhethe. I-ZFA iqinisekisa ukuba ivalvu iyahlangabezana nemigangatho yoshishino, ngaloo ndlela inciphisa amathuba okuba kubekho iziphene.
2.1.2 Isisombululo sokuvuza
Ukusombulula iingxaki zokuvuza kufuna indibaniselwano yamanyathelo okuthintela nawokulungisa.
* Izicwangciso zokugcinwa rhoqo
Ukuhlolwa kufuneka kubonwe izitywini ezigugileyo okanye izinto ezonakeleyo kwangethuba ukuze zitshintshwe ngexesha elifanelekileyo.
Ukucoca ivalvu nokususa inkunkuma nako kunokuthintela ukuguguleka okungeyomfuneko.
* Iindlela ezichanekileyo zokufakela
Ukulungelelanisa ivalvu ngokuchanekileyo kunye nokuqinisa iibholithi ngokwemigaqo yomenzi kunokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvuza.
Faka iibholithi kwimingxuma yeflange yevalvu yebhabhathane kunye nombhobho. Qinisekisa ukuba ivalvu yebhabhathane ihambelana ngokugqibeleleyo nombhobho. Okokugqibela, qinisa iibholithi ngokulinganayo.
Iinkqubo zokufakela ezichanekileyo zinokuphucula ngakumbi ukuthembeka.
Iinkcukacha nceda undwendwele eli nqaku:https://www.zfavalve.com/how-to-install-a-butterfly-valve/
* Uhlengahlengiso lokusebenza
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ivalvu isebenza ngaphakathi koluhlu loxinzelelo oluyilwe kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwiitywina nakwezinye izinto.
2.2 Ukuguguleka kwezixhobo zevalvu
Iziphumo zophando lwezenzululwazi: "Izinto ezinje ngokungqubana, ukugqwala, ukukhukuliseka kunye nokuguquguquka okukhulu kobushushu kunokunciphisa ukusebenza kwezixhobo ezibalulekileyo zevalvu, okukhokelela ekuvuza nasekungasebenzi kakuhle."
Ukuguguleka kwezixhobo zevalvu yebhabhathane yimiphumo yendalo yokusetyenziswa ixesha elide kwaye akunakuphepheka. Nangona kunjalo, ukuqonda izizathu kunye nokusebenzisa ngempumelelo ukuphepha kunokunciphisa kakhulu impembelelo yale ngxaki kwaye kwandise ubomi benkonzo yevalvu.
2.2.1 Izizathu zokuguguleka
Zininzi izinto ezibangela ukuguguleka kwezixhobo zevalvu yebhabhathane.
*Ukungqubana
Ukungqubana yenye yezona zinto ziphambili. Ukudibana okuqhubekayo phakathi kwediski yevalvu kunye nesihlalo sevalvu ngexesha lokusebenza kudala ukungqubana, okuthi kancinci kancinci kubole kwaye kubole izinto. Oku kukhukuleka kwenza buthathaka amandla evalvu okugcina ukutywinwa okufanelekileyo.
Kukwakho nokukhukuliseka okubangelwa zizinto ezikhawulezayo okanye amasuntswana arhabaxa adlula kwidiski yevalvu nakwisihlalo sevalvu. La masuntswana aya kubetha umphezulu ongaphakathi wevalvu, aguge kancinci kancinci aze anciphise ukusebenza kwayo.
*Ukugqwala
Ukuvezwa kwiindawo ezikude nezingaphandle ngeekhemikhali okanye ukufuma okunamandla kuya konakalisa iindawo zesinyithi. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, oku konakalisa kuya kubangela ukuba amandla okuvala ivalvu abe buthathaka ide ivuze.
*Ufakelo olungafanelekanga
Ukungahambi kakuhle kweevalvu okanye ukujongwa kwesiqu sevalvu ngendlela engafanelekanga kuya kwandisa uxinzelelo kwiindawo kwaye kubangele ukuguguleka okungalinganiyo.
*Iimpazamo zokusebenza
Ukusebenzisa ivalvu ngokugqithisileyo okanye ukuyisebenzisa ngaphaya komlinganiselo wayo woxinzelelo nako kunokukhokelela ekonakaleni kwangethuba.
*Ukuguquguquka kobushushu
Ukutshintshatshintsha okukhulu nokuxhaphakileyo kubushushu obuphakathi kwixesha elifutshane kunokubangela ukwanda nokuxinana kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo ngokuphindaphindiweyo, nto leyo enokubangela ukuqhekeka okanye ukudinwa kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo.
2.2.2 Izisombululo zokunxiba
*Iivali ezikumgangatho ophezulu ezivela kubavelisi abathembekileyo
Ngokusisiseko, iivalvu zebhabhathane ezisemgangathweni ophezulu zinokunciphisa ukuguguleka kwangethuba. Ngenxa yokuba ezi valve zebhabhathane zihlala zenziwe ngezinto ezihlala ixesha elide kunye nomsebenzi omhle kakhulu, amathuba okonakala kwangethuba ayancitshiswa.
*Ukuhlolwa rhoqo
Ukugcinwa kokuhlolwa kufanele kugxile ekufumaneni iimpawu zokuqala zokuguguleka, ezinje ngokuncipha okanye ukonakala kwesihlalo sevalvu, ukuguguleka okanye ukuguquka kwepleyiti yevalvu, njl. Ukutshintshwa kwangethuba kweendawo ezigugulekileyo kunokuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi.
*Ufakelo olufanelekileyo
Ukulungelelanisa ivalvu ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokunikela ingqalelo kwizinto ezifana necala lokuhamba kwayo kunye necala lesiqu sevalvu kunokunciphisa uxinzelelo olungeyomfuneko kwizinto. Imiyalelo yokufaka kunye nokusebenza komenzi ingalandelwa.
2.3 Ukugqwala kwevalvu yebhabhathane
Ukugqwala ngumceli mngeni omkhulu osongela ukusebenza kunye nobomi beevalvu zeebhabhathane. Ukugqwala kwenza buthathaka izinto ezibalulekileyo kwaye kukhokelela ekungasebenzi kakuhle kwenkqubo.
2.3.1 Izizathu zokugqwala
Zininzi izinto ezinokubangela ukubola kwevalvu yebhabhathane.
*Ukuchanabeka kwiikhemikhali
Iivalvu ezisebenza kwiindawo ezineekhemikhali ezirhabaxa (ezifana nee-asidi okanye iziseko) zihlala zifumana ukurhabaxa okukhawulezileyo.
*Iindawo ezimanzi
Ukuvezwa emanzini okanye kumswakama ophezulu ixesha elide kunokubangela ukuba iindawo zesinyithi zinyibilike, nto leyo ekhokelela ekugqwaleni. Oku kuyinkinga ngakumbi kwiivalvu ezenziwe ngentsimbi yekhabhoni, ezingenayo ukumelana nokugqwala kwentsimbi engagqwaliyo okanye ezinye ii-alloys.
*Ukukhukuliseka-ukubola
Ukukhukuliseka kubhekisa kwindibaniselwano yokuguguleka koomatshini kunye nokuhlaselwa ngamakhemikhali, nto leyo eyenza ingxaki yokugqwala kweevalvu zeebhabhathane ibe mandundu ngakumbi. Ulwelo olukhawulezayo okanye i-abrasive particle media inokukrazula uqweqwe olukhuselayo lwepleyiti yevalvu, iveze isinyithi esingaphantsi kwayo kwi-media, nto leyo ekhawulezisa ngakumbi ukugqwala.
2.3.2 Izisombululo zokugqwala
*Ukukhetha izinto
Ukuba indawo engaphandle iyabola, kufuneka kukhethwe izinto ezimelana nokubola (ezifana nentsimbi engagqwaliyo okanye ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo ezigqunywe ngentsimbi) ukuze zisetyenziswe kwi-valve body, i-valve stem, kunye ne-turbine. Oku kuqinisekisa ukuqina okungcono kwe-butterfly valve kwiindawo ezinzima.
Kwangaxeshanye, kwiindlela zokufaka iikhemikhali ezirhabaxa, izitulo zeevalvu zePTFE kunye neepleyiti zeevalvu ezigqunywe yiPTFE zingasetyenziswa. Oku kubonelela ngokhuseleko oluyimfuneko lweekhemikhali.
*Ukugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla
Jonga rhoqo uze uchonge iimpawu zokuqala zokugqwala, njl.
Coca ivalvu uze ususe naluphi na ukungcola okanye ukuqokelelana kwezinto.
Ukusebenzisa izinto zokukhusela okanye izinto zokuthintela ukwenza umqobo nxamnye nezinto ezibangela ukubola kunokwandisa ubomi bevalvu.
Iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokufakela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ivalvu ilungelelaniswe kakuhle kwaye ibotshelelwe kakuhle, zinokunciphisa uxinzelelo kwizinto. Zithintele ukufuma kunye neekhemikhali ekuqokeleleni kwiimfanta okanye kwizikhewu.
Ukulawula amazinga okuhamba kwamanzi amaninzi kunye nokucoca amasuntswana arhabaxa kunokuthintela ukubola kokukhukuliseka.
Ukongeza, ukuthenga iivalvu zeebhabhathane kubavelisi abathembekileyo kuqinisekisa ukuba imveliso inokumelana nokugqwala okunamandla. Ngenxa yokuba ziya kunamathela kwimigangatho engqongqo yolawulo lomgangatho, amathuba okuba ezi ziphene aza kuncipha.
2.4 Iingxaki zokwenziwa kweevalvu zeebhabhathane
Iziphene zokwenza iivalvu zeebhabhathane zinokuchaphazela kakhulu ukusebenza kwazo, ukuthembeka kwazo kunye nokhuseleko lwazo.
2.4.1 Iziphene eziqhelekileyo
* Iziphene zokuphosa
Iziphene ezifana nemingxunya yesanti, imingxunya okanye iindawo ezingalinganiyo zingonakalisa ulwakhiwo lwevalvu. Isixhobo singangena emzimbeni wevalvu ngemingxunya yesanti, ngelixa imingxunya inokubangela ukuvuza.
* Iindawo ezicutshungulwe ngendlela engafanelekanga,
Iidiski zeevalvu ezingenamachamfere, ubungakanani obungachanekanga okanye iindawo zokutywina ezingalinganiyo zinokuthintela amandla evalvu okugcina isitywino esiqinileyo.
* Izixhobo ezingafanelekanga
Ukusebenzisa izinto ezingafanelekiyo ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvelisa kunokunciphisa ukuqina kwevalvu. Umzekelo, ukukhetha izinto ezingakwaziyo ukumelana nobushushu okanye iipropati zeekhemikhali kwindawo yokusebenza kunokubangela ukuguguleka kwangaphambi kwexesha okanye ukubola.
* Iimpazamo zokuhlanganisa
Iimpazamo zokuhlanganisa ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso zinokubangela ukuba izinto zingalungelelani okanye uqhagamshelo lukhululeke. Ezi mpazamo zisenokungabi nasiphumo sibonakalayo kwixesha elifutshane. Kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, ziya kunciphisa ukusebenza kwevalvu iyonke.
2.4.2 Izisombululo zokusombulula iziphene
* Ulawulo lwemeko
Ukusombulula iziphene zokwenziwa kwemveliso kufuna amanyathelo angqongqo okulawula umgangatho ekufuneka asetyenziswe ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso. Abavelisi kufuneka benze uhlolo olucokisekileyo kuzo zonke izigaba zemveliso, ukusuka ekukhethweni kwezinto eziluhlaza ukuya ekuhlanganisweni kokugqibela. Iindlela zovavanyo ezingatshabalalisiyo ezifana ne-metallography yokufumanisa i-spheroidization, ukufumanisa umxholo weglue yesihlalo sevalvu, uvavanyo lokudinwa, njl. Kwanokufumanisa i-X-ray yeziphene zangaphakathi ezifana nokuqhekeka okanye ukuqhekeka.
* Ukuthobela imigangatho
Ukuthobela imigangatho yoshishino kuqinisekisa umgangatho wemveliso ohambelanayo. Abavelisi kufuneka balandele izikhokelo ezimiselweyo zokukhetha izinto, ukunyamezelana kokucubungula, kunye neenkqubo zokuhlanganisa. Ukunamathela kule migangatho kunciphisa amathuba okuba kubekho iziphene kwaye kuphucula ukuthembeka kwevalvu iyonke.
* Oomatshini kunye netekhnoloji ephucukileyo
Ukutyala imali kumatshini aphucukileyo kunye nobuchwepheshe bokuvelisa kunokuphucula ukuchaneka nokunciphisa iimpazamo. Umzekelo, i-computer numerical control (CNC) machining iqinisekisa ubungakanani obuchanekileyo bezinto, ngelixa iinkqubo zokuhlanganisa ezenzekelayo zinciphisa iimpazamo zabantu.
* Uqeqesho lwabasebenzi
Uqeqesho lwabasebenzi malunga neendlela ezilungileyo zokuvelisa lunokunciphisa iziphene. Abasebenzi abanezakhono abaqhelene neendlela zokucubungula, ukuhlanganisa, kunye nokuhlola banceda ukuphucula umgangatho wemveliso.
2.5 Ukufakelwa okungafanelekanga kweevalvu zebhabhathane
Ukufakelwa okungafanelekanga kunokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwevalvu yebhabhathane, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle, kunye nokunyusa iindleko zokulungisa.
2.5.1 Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo zokufakela
* Ukungalingani kakuhle
Xa ivalvu ingahambelani kakuhle nombhobho, uxinzelelo olungalinganiyo lufakwa kwiindawo ezifana neebholiti. Oku kukhokelela ekugugeni kwangethuba kunye nokuvuza okunokwenzeka.
Ukongeza, ukuqinisa kakhulu iibholithi kunokonakalisa i-gasket okanye kutshintshe umzimba wevalvu, ngelixa ukuqinisa okungaphelelanga kunokubangela uqhagamshelo olukhululekileyo kunye nokuvuza.
* Akukho kuhlolwa kwesibini ngaphambi kokufakwa.
Ngaphambi kokufakela, kuyimfuneko ukujonga umbhobho ukuba akukho nkunkuma, ukungcola okanye ezinye izinto ezinokuthintela ukusebenza kwevalvu.
2.5.2 Izisombululo zokufakela ngokuchanekileyo
* Ukuhlolwa phambi kokufakwa
Jonga umbhobho ukuba awunazo na izinto ezimdaka uze uqinisekise ukuba umphezulu ucocekile ukuze uthintele ukuvaleka.
Jonga ivalvu ukuba akukho monakalo okanye iziphene ezibonakalayo.
Landela imiyalelo yomenzi.
* Ufakelo lolungelelwaniso
Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ivalvu ihambelana ngokupheleleyo nombhobho kunciphisa uxinzelelo kwiindawo kwaye kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvuza.
Ukusebenzisa isixhobo sokulungelelanisa kunokunceda ekufumaneni indawo echanekileyo.
Faka i-torque efanelekileyo xa uqinisa i-bolt ukuze uphephe ukuqinisa kakhulu okanye ukuqinisa kancinci.
2.6 Iingxaki zokusebenza
Iingxaki zokusebenza ngeevalvu zebhabhathane zihlala zikhokelela ekusebenzeni kakubi nasekungasebenzini kakuhle kwangethuba. Ukufumana unobangela kunye nokusebenzisa amanyathelo okulungisa zezona ndlela zisisiseko zokugcina ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokwandisa ubomi benkonzo.
2.6.1 Izizathu zeengxaki zokusebenza
Abaqhubi basebenzisa amandla amaninzi xa bevula okanye bevala ivalvu, nto leyo enokonakalisa izinto zangaphakathi. Ukujikeleza rhoqo ngaphaya komda woyilo lwevalvu kunokukhawuleza ukuguguleka kwaye kunciphise ukusebenza kwayo kakuhle.
2.6.2 Izisombululo kwiMiba yoMsebenzi
Ukusombulula iingxaki zokusebenza kufuna uqeqesho lwabaqhubi. Ukubonelela ngoqeqesho olupheleleyo kuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi bayayiqonda imida yoyilo lwevalvu kunye neendlela ezifanelekileyo zokusebenza.
Kubalulekile ukugcina iimeko zokusebenza ngaphakathi kwemida yoyilo. Ukubeka iliso kumanqanaba oxinzelelo kunye namaqondo obushushu kuqinisekisa ukuba ivalvu isebenza njengoko kulindelekile.
2.7 Ukungabikho koLondolozo oluQhelekileyo
2.7.1 Iziphumo zokungalungi kakuhle ulondolozo
Ukugcinwa rhoqo yenye ingongoma ebalulekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nobomi bevalvu yeebhabhathane. Ukungayinaki le ndlela ibalulekileyo kudla ngokukhokelela ekungasebenzi kakuhle, kwiingozi zokhuseleko, kunye nokulungiswa okubiza kakhulu.
Ukungaphumeleli ukwenza ulondolozo oluqhelekileyo kwiivalvu zeebhabhathane kunokukhokelela kwimiphumo eyahlukeneyo engathandekiyo. Umzekelo, umonakalo wetywina, izitywina zinokuguga ngenxa yokungqubana, ukuvezwa kwiikhemikhali eziqatha, okanye amaqondo obushushu aphezulu. Ukuba azihlolwanga ngexesha, ezi zitywina zigugileyo zinokubangela ukuvuza.
Ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma yenye imiphumo emibi kakhulu. Ukungcola, umhlwa, nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo zihlala ziqokelelana ngaphakathi kwivalvu, nto leyo ethintela intshukumo yevalvu kwaye inciphise amandla ayo okuyivala. Oku kuqokelelana kukhawulezisa ukuguguleka kwamacandelo ayo.
2.7.2 Izisombululo Zolondolozo
* Uhlolo oluQhelekileyo
Abaqhubi kufuneka bahlole rhoqo iimpawu zokuguguleka, ukugqwala, okanye ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma. Ukufunyaniswa kwangethuba kwezi ngxaki kuvumela ukulungiswa okanye ukutshintshwa kwangethuba, ukuthintela umonakalo ongakumbi.
* Ukucoca ivalvu
Ukususa ukungcola, umhlwa, kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye kunciphisa umngcipheko wokuwohloka kwecandelo. Kwiivalvu eziphatha iikhemikhali ezingcolisayo, ukusebenzisa i-coating yokukhusela okanye i-inhibitor kunokubonelela ngomaleko owongezelelweyo wokukhusela ukugqwala.
* Ukuthambisa ngokufanelekileyo
Ukuthambisa okufanelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukunciphisa ukungqubana nokuqinisekisa ukuhamba kakuhle kwezinto zevalvu. Ukusebenzisa i-lubricant ehambelanayo kuthintela ukuguguleka okungeyomfuneko kwaye kwandisa ubomi bevalvu. Abaqhubi kufuneka bakhethe i-lubricant efanelekileyo yokusetyenziswa kwayo.
2.8 Ukusilela kwe-Actuator kunye ne-stem
Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwe-actuator kunye ne-stem kwiivalvu zebhabhathane kunokuphazamisa ukusebenza kwaye kubangele ixesha lokungasebenzi elibizayo.
2.8.1 Izizathu zokusilela kwe-actuator kunye ne-stem
* Ukuthambisa okunganelanga
Iibheringi zixhomekeke kwi-lubrication efanelekileyo ukunciphisa ukungqubana kunye nokuguga. Ngaphandle kwe-lubrication, ubushushu obugqithisileyo kunye noxinzelelo zinokuqokelelana, nto leyo ekhokelela ekungasebenzini kwangethuba. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ukungoneli kwe-lubrication kunokubangela ukuba iibheringi zibambeke, nto leyo eyenza ivalvu ingasebenzi.
* Ukungalingani kakuhle
Ukungalingani ngexesha lokufakelwa okanye ukusebenza kunokubangela uxinzelelo olungalinganiyo kwiibheringi kunye nezixhobo ze-actuator. Oku kungalingani kunokukhawulezisa ukuguguleka kwaye kunciphise ukusebenza kakuhle kwentshukumo yevalvu.
* Ukuphinda usebenzise ngokugqithisileyo
Ukujikeleza kakhulu kwevalvu ngaphaya kwemida yoyilo lwayo nako kunokubangela ukungaphumeleli. Ukuvulwa nokuvalwa rhoqo kunokuphelisa iindlela zangaphakathi kunye neebheringi ze-actuator. Olu hambo luphindaphindayo, ingakumbi phantsi kweemeko zoxinzelelo oluphezulu, lunyusa amathuba okudinwa koomatshini.
* Ukungena kwezinto ezingcolisayo
Ukungcola, inkunkuma, okanye ukufuma okungena kwisiqu se-actuator kunokubangela ukugqwala kunye nokuguguleka.
2.8.2 Izisombululo zokusilela kwe-actuator kunye neebheringi
* Ukuthambisa rhoqo
Ukusebenzisa uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwesithambiso njengoko kucetyisiwe ngumvelisi kunciphisa ukungqubana kwaye kuthintela ukugqithisa kakhulu.
* Ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo
Ukulungelelaniswa okufanelekileyo ngexesha lokufakelwa kubalulekile. Ukuqinisekisa ukuba ivalvu kunye ne-actuator zilungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo kunciphisa uxinzelelo olungeyomfuneko kwiibheringi.
* Ukunciphisa ukusetyenziswa ngokugqithisileyo kwezinto ezisetyenzisiweyo
Abaqhubi kufuneka bajonge ukusetyenziswa kwevalvu ukuze baphephe ukudlula imida yoyilo lwayo. Kwizicelo ezifuna ukujikeleza rhoqo, ukukhetha i-actuator eyenzelwe ukusebenza kakuhle kokujikeleza kuqinisekisa ukuthembeka.
Izitywino ezijikeleze i-actuator kunye nesiqu kufuneka zihlolwe rhoqo. Qinisekisa ukuba izitywino ezithintela ungcoliseko olufana nothuli kunye nokufuma ziyasebenza. Ukucoca ivalvu kunye neendawo ezikuyo kunciphisa umngcipheko wokungena kwenkunkuma kwaye kukhusela ngakumbi iibheringi kunye ne-actuator.
2.9 Ukungcola kunye nokuqokelelwa kwezinto ezingcolisayo
Ukungcola kunye nokuqokelelwa kokungcola kwiivalvu zeebhabhathane kunokubangela ukuba idiski yevalvu ingabuyeli kwindawo yayo yokuqala, kwandise iindleko zokulungisa, kunye nezinye iingozi zokhuseleko.
2.9.1 Izizathu zokuqokelelwa kobumdaka
*Ukucoceka okungalunganga kwemibhobho
Ngexesha lokufakelwa okanye ukulungiswa, ukungcola, umhlwa, kunye nezinye iinxalenye zihlala zingena kumbhobho. Ezi zinto zingcolisayo ekugqibeleni zihlala ngaphakathi kwivalvu, zithintele ukuhamba kwayo kwaye zinciphise ukusebenza kwayo kokutywina.
*Iimpawu zolwelo
Ulwelo olunamandla okanye ulwelo olune-high-viscosity olune-suspension solids lunokushiya intsalela kwiindawo zangaphakathi zevalvu. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ezi ntsalela zinokuqina zize zibangele ukuvaleka, zithintele ukusebenza kwevalvu. Umzekelo, amasuntswana arhabaxa kulwelo lwemizi-mveliso anokonakalisa isihlalo sevalvu, okwenza kube lula ukuba inkunkuma iqokeleleke.
*Ukubola kunye nokukhukuliseka komhlaba
Imiphezulu yentsimbi ebolileyo inokuvelisa amasuntswana axubana nolwelo, nto leyo enyusa ubungakanani benkunkuma ngaphakathi kwevalvu. Ngokufanayo, ukukhukuliseka okubangelwa lulwelo olukhawulezayo okanye izinto ezirhabaxa kunokonakalisa iindawo zangaphakathi zevalvu, kwenze iindawo ezirhabaxa apho ungcoliseko lunokuhlala khona.
*Iindlela zokulungisa ezingafanelekanga
Ukungawuhoyi ukucoca nokuhlola rhoqo kunokukhokelela ekuqokeleleni kokungcola okungalawulekiyo.
2.9.2 Izisombululo zokuthintela ukuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma
* Ukuhlolwa rhoqo kunye nokucocwa kwemibhobho kunye neevalvu
Abaqhubi kufuneka bahlole rhoqo ukuba akukho zithintelo, ukuguguleka okanye umonakalo obangelwe zizinto ezingcolisayo. Ukongeza, inkqubo kufuneka ihlanjwe rhoqo ukuze kususwe ukungcola, umhlwa kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo. Kwimibhobho ephatha ulwelo olunezimbiwa ezixhonyiweyo, ukufaka izikrini okanye izihluzi phezulu kwevalvu kunokunceda ukubamba inkunkuma ngaphambi kokuba ifike kwivalvu.
* Ukukhetha izinto
Ukusebenzisa izinto ezimelana nokugqwala ezifana nentsimbi engagqwaliyo okanye ii-alloys ezikhethekileyo ezigqunywe nge-coated kunokunciphisa ukuveliswa kwamasuntswana angaphakathi. Ezi zinto zikwamelana ngcono nolwelo olurhabaxa, zithintela ukukhukuliseka kunye nokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma okulandelayo.
* Iindlela ezifanelekileyo zokufakela
Ukuhlola umbhobho ukuba akukho mdaka okanye inkunkuma ngaphambi kokufaka ivalvu kuthintela ukungcola ukuba kungangeni kwinkqubo. Ukulungelelanisa ivalvu nokuyiqinisa kakuhle kunciphisa izikhewu apho inkunkuma inokuhlalisa khona.
3. Isishwankathelo
Ukusilela kweevalvu zebhabhathane kunye nezisombululo zazo zihlala zivela kwiingxaki ezifana nokuvuza, ukuguguleka, ukubola kunye nokufakelwa okungafanelekanga. Amanyathelo asebenzayo aqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwaye anciphisa ukuphazamiseka. Ukugcinwa rhoqo, ukufakelwa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokukhethwa kwezinto ezihambelanayo kubalulekile ukwandisa ubomi bevalvu. Ukubonisana nomthengisi weevalvu zebhabhathane oqeqeshiweyo kunye nokulandela imiyalelo kunokuphucula ukuthembeka kunye nokunciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi.