Intshayelelo: Kutheni imigangatho ye-API ibaluleke kangaka kwiivalvu zoshishino?
Kumashishini anobungozi obuphezulu njengeoli kunye negesi, iikhemikhali kunye namandla, ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka kweevalve kunokuchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuzinza kweenkqubo zokuvelisa. Imigangatho ebekwe yi-API (i-American Petroleum Institute) yibhayibhile yobugcisa yeevalvu zoshishino kwihlabathi jikelele. Phakathi kwazo, i-API 607 kunye ne-API 608 zizinto eziphambili ezichazwe rhoqo ziinjineli kunye nabathengi.
Eli nqaku liza kuhlalutya ngokunzulu umahluko, iimeko zesicelo kunye namanqaku okuthotyelwa kwale migangatho mibini.
Isahluko 1: Utoliko olunzulu lwe-API 607 esemgangathweni
1.1 Inkcazo esemgangathweni kunye nomsebenzi ongundoqo
I-API 607 "Inkcazo yovavanyo lomlilo kwi-1/4 i-valve yokujika kunye ne-non-metallic valve seat valves" igxile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kokutywinwa kweevalvu phantsi kweemeko zomlilo. Ushicilelo lwamva nje lwe-7 lunyusa ubushushu bovavanyo ukusuka kwi-1400 ° F (760 ° C) ukuya kwi-1500 ° F (816 ° C) ukulinganisa iimeko zomlilo eziqatha.
1.2 Ingcaciso ebanzi yeeparamitha zovavanyo eziphambili
- Ubude bexesha lomlilo: imizuzu engama-30 yokutshisa okuqhubekayo + imizuzu eyi-15 yexesha lokupholisa
- Umgangatho wokuvuza: Ubuninzi bokuvuza obuvumelekileyo abugqithi i-ISO 5208 Inqanaba A
- Uvavanyo oluphakathi: Uvavanyo oludityanisiweyo lwerhasi etshayo (imethane/igesi yendalo) kunye namanzi
- Imeko yoxinzelelo: Uvavanyo olunamandla lwe-80% yoxinzelelo olulinganisiweyo
Isahluko 2: Uhlalutyo lobuchwephesha bomgangatho we-API 608
2.1 Ukubekwa okusemgangathweni kunye nomda wokusetyenziswa
I-API 608 "Iivalve zebhola zensimbi ezineziphelo ze-flange, iziphelo zentambo kunye neziphelo ze-welding" zilungelelanisa iimfuno zobuchwepheshe zenkqubo yonke ukusuka kuyilo ukuya kwimveliso yeevalvu zebhola, ezigubungela uluhlu lobungakanani be-DN8~DN600 (NPS 1/4~24), kunye nenqanaba loxinzelelo lwe-ASME CL150 ukuya kwi-2500LB.
2.2 Iimfuno zoyilo olungundoqo
- Ulwakhiwo lomzimba weValve: isiqwenga esinye/inkqubo yokusahlula yokwahlulahlula
- Inkqubo yokutywinwa: iimfuno ezinyanzelekileyo zebhloko ephindwe kabini kunye negazi (DBB) umsebenzi
- I-torque yokusebenza: amandla okusebenza aphezulu awadluli kwi-360N · m
2.3 Izinto eziphambili zovavanyo
- Uvavanyo lwamandla e-Shell: amaxesha e-1.5 alinganiswe uxinzelelo lwemizuzu emi-3
- Uvavanyo lokutywinwa: amaxesha e-1.1 alinganiswe ngoxinzelelo lwe-bidirectional test
-Ubomi bomjikelo: ubuncinci be-3,000 yokuvula ngokupheleleyo kunye nokuvala umsebenzi wokuqinisekisa
Isahluko sesi-3: Umahluko ongundoqo ontlanu phakathi kwe-API 607 kunye ne-API 608
| Imilinganiselo yokuthelekisa | API 607 | API 608 |
| Ukubekwa okusemgangathweni | Isiqinisekiso sokusebenza komlilo | Uyilo lwemveliso kunye neenkcukacha zokuvelisa |
| Inqanaba elisebenzayo | Inqanaba loqinisekiso lwemveliso | Uyilo lonke kunye nenkqubo yokuvelisa |
| Indlela yokuvavanya | Ukulinganisa umlilo otshabalalisayo | Uxinzelelo oluqhelekileyo / uvavanyo olusebenzayo |
Isahluko 4: Isigqibo sokhetho lobunjineli
4.1 Ukudityaniswa okunyanzelekileyo kwiindawo ezinomngcipheko ophezulu
Kwiqonga elingaselunxwemeni, iitheminali zeLNG kunye nezinye iindawo, kuyacetyiswa ukuba ukhethe:
I-API 608 ivalve yebhola + i-API 607 isiqinisekiso sokukhusela umlilo + isiqinisekiso somgangatho wokhuseleko we-SIL
4.2 Isisombululo sokuphucula iindleko
Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zokusebenza, ungakhetha:
Ivalve esemgangathweni ye-API 608 + ukhuselo lomlilo lwasekhaya (olufana nokutyabeka okungatshiyo)
4.3 Isilumkiso malunga nokungaqondi kakuhle okuqhelekileyo
- Ngempazamo bakholelwa ukuba i-API 608 ibandakanya iimfuno zokukhusela umlilo
-Ukulinganisa uvavanyo lwe-API 607 kunye novavanyo oluqhelekileyo lokutywinwa
-Ukungahoyi uphicotho lwezatifikethi zasefektri (iimfuno zenkqubo ye-API Q1)
Isahluko 5: Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (FAQ)
I-Q1: Ngaba i-valve ye-API 608 ihlangabezana ngokuzenzekelayo neemfuno ze-API 607?
A: Ayiyonyani kwaphela. Nangona iivalvu zebhola ze-API 608 zinokufaka isicelo sesatifikethi se-API 607, kufuneka zivavanywe ngokwahlukeneyo.
I-Q2: Ngaba i-valve ingaqhubeka isetyenziswa emva kokuvavanywa komlilo?
A: Ayikhuthazwa. Iivalvu emva kovavanyo zihlala zinomonakalo wesakhiwo kwaye kufuneka zichithwe.
I-Q3: Imigangatho emibini ichaphazela njani ixabiso leevalve?
A: Ukuqinisekiswa kwe-API 607 kwandisa iindleko nge-30-50%, kwaye ukuthotyelwa kwe-API 608 kuchaphazela malunga ne-15-20%.
Isiphelo:
• I-API 607 ibalulekile kuvavanyo lomlilo we-soft-seat butterfly valves kunye neevalvu zebhola.
• I-API 608 iqinisekisa ulwakhiwo kunye nokusebenza imfezeko yesitulo sesinyithi kunye neevalvu zebhola ezithambileyo ezisetyenziswa kwimizi-mveliso.
• Ukuba ukhuseleko lomlilo yeyona nto iphambili, iivalvu ezithobela imigangatho ye-API 607 ziyafuneka.
• Ngenjongo jikelele kunye nokusetyenziswa kwevalve yebhola yoxinzelelo oluphezulu, i-API 608 ngumgangatho ofanelekileyo.